This section is all about Coulomb's law which tells you how electric charges attract and repulse each other. Coulomb's law is very similar to the universal law of gravitation, the formula has the same shape.

• $q,Q$: The electric charge of some object. Measured in Coulombs $[C]$.
• $\vec{F}_{e}$: The electric force acting on some object. Measured in Newtons $[N]$.
• $r$: The distance between two objects. Measured in metres $[m]$.
• $\varepsilon_0$: the electric constant. A constant of nature which is also known as “the permittivity of free space”. $\varepsilon_0 =$ 8.854187×10^-12 $\left[A·s/(V·m)\right]$.
• $k_\mathrm{e} = \frac{1}{4 \pi \varepsilon_0}$ = 8.987551787×10^9 $\left[\mathrm{Nm^2 / C^{2}}\right]$, Coulomb's constant.

Ok, I hear you saying “Wait now, what is up with this arrow shit on top of the letter F?”. I am not trying to look fancy. I am using the arrow (which means vector) because we really need to use vectors for the calculations here. A vector has a direction – this is all you have to remember. And the reason we say “force is a vector” is because it is a very different thing to be pushed on your chest with a force of 200$[N]$ or being pushed with the same amount of force but on your back. What I am saying is, you can't just add two forces together as if they were numbers. If they are in the same direction, you should add the two numbers. If they are in opposite directions then you have to subtract them!

$e=1,602x10^{-19}C$
$q_e=-e$
$q_p=+e$
$k= \frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon o}$

$F_g(r)=\frac{MmG}{r^2}[N]$
$\mid F_g \mid = \frac{MmG}{r^2}$

$U_g=\frac{MmG}{r} [J]$

$F=\frac{k\mid qQ\mid}{r^2}$
$k=9,0x10^9N.m^2/c^2$
$F_1=F_{12}+F_{13}+....F_{in}$
$E=\frac{F}{q_{ess}}$
$E=\frac{K\mid Q \mid}{r^2}$
$F=qE$
$V_e=\frac{U_e}{q}$
$U_e=qE_y$
$W_{ext}=q\Delta V$
$\Delta V=+/- Ed$
$dV=\frac{dU}{q}=-E\cdot ds$
$V=\frac{K Q}{r}$
$U=qV$

$\mid F_{elec} \mid=\frac{K\mid Q \mid \mid q \mid}{r^2}[N]$
$F_e=Eq_1$
$\mid E \mid = \frac{KQ}{r^2} [N/C]$

$U_e=\frac{K\mid Q \mid q \mid}{r} [J]$
$U_e=Vq_1$
$V=\frac{K Q}{r}[J/C]$
$4\pir^2= Aire de surface d'une sphere

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